With the announcement of the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, microRNA has once again become the focus of global attention. In the past 20 years, three Nobel Prizes have been awarded to the field of RNA molecular research, namely “RNA interference mechanism – double-stranded RNA gene silencing (RNAi)” in 2006, “mRNA vaccines based on modified bases” in 2023, and “microRNA in post-transcriptional gene regulation” in 2024. By studying different types of RNA, scientists have...